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by Ajay Yadav, Ajay Yadav, dr.
ISBN:9788130843914;
In the absence of arterial and central venous lines, placement of a peripheral IV cannula is the common alternative route for administering IV access.
The primary purpose of the IV route is to provide a source of ready access to fluids, drugs, and blood for purposes of resuscitation, therapy, monitoring, and laboratory testing.
Although the IV cannula can be accessed at any point along its length, site selection of placement of the IV cannula is usually based on patient and provider convenience, which usually consists of the most distal and easily accessible site.
Uncomplicated IV cannulation can be done without the use of the Allen’s test.
The Allen’s test is a useful guide to correct IV placement.
However, placing the cannula at an incorrect IV site may result in vascular trauma and subsequent complications.
Therefore, an Allen’s test should be performed only after proper instruction and practice.
Informed consent is the standard for obtaining informed consent from a patient regarding treatment and care to be administered.
A common misconception is that a physician can use his or her full power to insist upon the patient’s treatment with an adequate knowledge of anatomy and pharmacology.
However, an individual physician is limited by a patient’s informed consent and by the jurisdiction in which he or she practices.
With respect to research studies, informed consent is usually obtained by a physician, using a standardized written consent form approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the institution in which he or she practices.
The person who gives the consent is the person who initiates the treatment; it does not have to be the same person who prescribes it, unless it is indicated that the physician is required to personally observe the procedure in order to administer treatment.
Although the informed consent form may contain language that the investigator or sponsor has the right to change the treatment at any time and the individual giving consent has a right to revoke the consent, that is not true in practice.
Change in treatment plan is done under the authority of the physician ordering the treatment.
Another misconception is that informed consent is required for all treatments or procedures, including routine screening tests.
However, in the absence of certain well-defined situations, there is no requirement for informed consent for the performance of
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